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Final position — White delivers mate

French Defence

French Defence: Back-Rank Mate

White wins in 11 moves by checkmate. (Blom - Jensen, Copenhagen 1938)

The moves

1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Nc3 dxe4 4.Nxe4 Bd6 5.Bd3 Ne7 6.Bg5 O-O 7.Nf6+ gxf6 8.Bxf6 Qd7 9.Bxh7+ Kxh7 10.Qh5+ Kg8 11.Qh8#
1.e4e6
2.d4d5
3.Nc3dxe4
4.Nxe4Bd6
5.Bd3Ne7
6.Bg5O-O
7.Nf6+gxf6
8.Bxf6Qd7
9.Bxh7+Kxh7
10.Qh5+Kg8
11.Qh8#

How the French Defence: Back-Rank Mate works

The French Defence: Back-Rank Mate is a classic chess opening trap arising from the French Defence. In this line White delivers checkmate on move 11, punishing a natural-looking but losing idea from Black.

The full sequence runs 1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Nc3 dxe4 4.Nxe4 Bd6 5.Bd3 Ne7 6.Bg5 O-O 7.Nf6+ gxf6 8.Bxf6 Qd7 9.Bxh7+ Kxh7 10.Qh5+ Kg8 11.Qh8#. Each move looks reasonable, which is exactly why the trap is so effective over the board — Black walks into it while trying to play "normal" developing moves.

This pattern is well known from master and correspondence play (Blom - Jensen, Copenhagen 1938). Recognising it early lets you either spring it as White or sidestep it as Black.

Practice this trap move-by-move

Open the French Defence: Back-Rank Mate in the Trapsterapp to play it out on a live board, drill it in practice mode, and learn how to avoid it when it's set for you — along with the full library of chess traps and gambits, fully offline.

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